1 ? fn8222.3 caution: these devices are sensitive to electrosta tic discharge; follow proper ic handling procedures. 1-888-intersil or 1-888-468-3774 | intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of intersil americas inc. xdcp is a trademark of intersil americas inc. copyright intersil americas inc. 2005, 2006, 2009. all rights reserved all other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503 digitally controlled potentiometer (xdcp?) the x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503 are intersils? digitally controlled (xdcp) potentiometers. the device consists of a resistor array, wi per switches, a control section, and non-volatile memory. the wiper position is controlled by a three-wire interface. the potentiometer is implemen ted by a resistor array composed of 99 resistive elements and a wiper switching network. between each element and at either end are tap points accessible to the wiper terminal. the position of the wiper element is controlled by the cs , u/d , and inc inputs. the position of the wiper can be stored in non-volatile memory and then be recalled upon a subsequent power-up operation. the device can be used as a th ree-terminal potentiometer or as a two-terminal variable resistor in a wide variety of applications ranging from control to signal processing to parameter adjustment. pinout x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503 (8 ld soic, 8 ld pdip) top view features ? solid-state potentiometer ? three-wire serial interface ? 100 wiper tap points - wiper position stored in non-volatile memory and recalled on power-up ? 99 resistive elements - temperature compensated - end-to-end resistance, 20% - terminal voltages, 5v ? low power cmos -v cc = 5v - active current, 3ma max. - standby current, 750a max. ? high reliability - endurance, 100,000 data changes per bit - register data retention, 100 years ? x9c102 = 1k ? x9c103 = 10k ? X9C503 = 50k ? x9c104 = 100k ? packages - 8 ld soic - 8 ld pdip ? pb-free available (rohs compliant) block diagram v cc cs v l /r l v w /r w inc u/d v h /r h v ss 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 7-bit up/down counter 7-bit non-volatile memory store and recall control circuitry one of hundred decoder resistor array r l /v l r w /v w r h/ v h u/d inc cs transfer v cc one- gates 99 98 97 96 2 1 0 gnd up/down (inc ) increment device (u/d ) (cs ) v cc (supply voltage) v ss (ground) control and memory general v h /r h r w /v w v l /r l select detailed data sheet july 20, 2009
2 fn8222.3 july 20, 2009 ordering information part number part marking r total (k ) temp range (c) package package dwg. # x9c102p x9c102p 1 0 to +70 8 ld pdip mdp0031 x9c102pz (notes 1, 2) x9c102p z 0 to +70 8 ld pdip (pb-free) mdp0031 x9c102pi x9c102p i -40 to +85 8 ld pdip mdp0031 x9c102piz (notes 1, 2) x9c102p zi -40 to +85 8 ld pdip (pb-free) mdp0031 x9c102s* , ** x9c102s 0 to +70 8 ld soic mdp0027 x9c102sz* (note 1) x9c102s z 0 to +70 8 ld soic (pb-free) mdp0027 x9c102si* , ** x9c102s i -40 to +85 8 ld soic mdp0027 x9c102siz* , ** (note 1) x9c102s zi -40 to +85 8 ld soic (pb-free) mdp0027 x9c103p x9c103p 10 0 to +70 8 ld pdip mdp0031 x9c103pz (notes 1, 2) x9c103p z 0 to +70 8 ld pdip (pb-free) mdp0031 x9c103pi x9c103p i -40 to +85 8 ld pdip mdp0031 x9c103piz (note 1) x9c103p zi -40 to +85 8 ld pdip (pb-free) mdp0031 x9c103s* , ** x9c103s 0 to +70 8 ld soic mdp0027 x9c103sz* , ** (note 1) x9c103s z 0 to +70 8 ld soic (pb-free) mdp0027 x9c103si* , ** x9c103s i -40 to +85 8 ld soic mdp0027 x9c103siz* , ** (note 1) x9c103s zi -40 to +85 8 ld soic (pb-free) mdp0027 X9C503p X9C503p 50 0 to +70 8 ld pdip mdp0031 X9C503pz (notes 1, 2) X9C503p z 0 to +70 8 ld pdip (pb-free) mdp0031 X9C503pi X9C503p i -40 to +85 8 ld pdip mdp0031 X9C503piz (notes 1, 2) X9C503p zi -40 to +85 8 ld pdip (pb-free) mdp0031 X9C503s* X9C503s 0 to +70 8 ld soic mdp0027 X9C503sz* (note 1) X9C503s z 0 to +70 8 ld soic (pb-free) mdp0027 X9C503si* , ** X9C503s i -40 to +85 8 ld soic mdp0027 X9C503siz* , ** (note 1) X9C503s zi -40 to +85 8 ld soic (pb-free) mdp0027 x9c104p x9c104p 100 0 to +70 8 ld pdip mdp0031 x9c104pi x9c104p i -40 to +85 8 ld pdip mdp0031 x9c104piz (notes 1, 2) x9c104p zi -40 to +85 8 ld pdip (pb-free) mdp0031 x9c104s* , ** x9c104s 0 to +70 8 ld soic mdp0027 x9c104sz* , ** (note 1) x9c104s z 0 to +70 8 ld soic (pb-free) mdp0027 x9c104si* , ** x9c104s i -40 to +85 8 ld soic mdp0027 x9c104siz* , ** (note 1) x9c104s zi -40 to +85 8 ld soic (pb-free) mdp0027 *add ?t1? suffix for tape and reel. please refer to tb347 for details on reel specifications. **add ?t2? suffix for tape and reel. please refer to tb347 for details on reel specifications. notes: 1. these intersil pb-free plastic packaged pr oducts employ special pb-free material sets , molding compounds/die attach materials , and 100% matte tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination fi nish, which is rohs compliant and compatible with both snpb and pb-free soldering operations). intersil pb-free products are ms l classified at pb-free peak reflow temper atures that meet or exceed the pb-free requirements of ipc/jedec j std-020. 2. pb-free pdips can be used for through-hole wave solder processing only. they are not intended for use in reflow solder proces sing applications. x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503
3 fn8222.3 july 20, 2009 pin descriptions pin number pin name description 1inc increment the inc input is negative-edge triggered. toggling inc will move the wiper and either increment or decrement the counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on the u/d input. 2u/d up/down the u/d input controls the direction of the wiper mo vement and whether the counter is incremented or decremented. 3v h /r h v h /r h the high (v h /r h ) terminals of the x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503 are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. the minimum voltage is -5v and the maximum is +5v. the terminology of v h /r h and v l /r l references the relative position of the terminal in re lation to wiper movement direction selected by the u/d input and not the voltage potential on the terminal. 4v ss v ss 5v w /r w v w /r w v w /r w is the wiper terminal and is equivalent to the mo vable terminal of a mechanical potentiometer. the position of the wiper within the array is determined by the cont rol inputs. the wiper terminal series resistance is typically 40 . 6r l /v l r l /v l the low (v l /r l ) terminals of the x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, x9c 503 are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. the minimum voltage is -5v and the maximum is +5v. the terminology of v h /r h and v l /r l references the relative position of the terminal in re lation to wiper movement direction selected by the u/d input and not the voltage potential on the terminal. 7cs cs the device is selected when the cs input is low. the current counter value is stored in non-volatile memory when cs is returned high while the inc input is also high. after the store operation is complete the x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503 device will be placed in the low power standby mode until the device is selected once again. 8v cc v cc x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503
4 fn8222.3 july 20, 2009 absolute maximum rati ngs thermal information voltage on cs , inc , u/d and v cc with respect to v ss . -1v to +7v voltage on v h /r h and v l /r l referenced to v ss . . . . . . . -8v to +8v v = |v h /r h - v l /r l | x9c102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4v x9c103, x9c104, and X9C503 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10v i w (10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.8ma power rating x9c102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16mw x9c103 x0c104, and X9C503 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10mw temperature under bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65c to +135c storage temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65c to +150c pb-free reflow profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/pb-freereflow.asp *pb-free pdips can be used for through-hole wave solder processing only. they are not intended for use in reflow solder processing applications. recommended operating conditions commercial temperature range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0c to +70c industrial temperature range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40c to +85c supply voltage range (v cc ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5v 10% caution: do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed fo r extended periods of time. exposure to such conditions may adv ersely impact product reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty. electrical specifications over recommended operating condi tions unless otherwise stated. symbol parameter test conditions limits unit min typ (note 6) max potentiometer characteristics r total end-to-end resistance variation -20 +20 % v vh/rh v h terminal voltage -5 +5 v v vl/rl v l terminal voltage -5 +5 v i w wiper current -4.4 4.4 ma r w wiper resistance wiper current = 1ma 40 100 resistor noise (note 7) ref 1khz -120 dbv charge pump noise (note 7) @ 850khz 20 mv rms resolution 1% absolute linearity (note 3) v w(n)(actual) - v w(n)(expected) -1 +1 mi (note 5) relative linearity (note 4) v w(n + 1)(actual) - [v w(n) + mi ] -0.2 +0.2 mi (note 5) r total temperature coefficient x9c103, X9C503, x9c104 300 (note 7) ppm/c r total temperature coefficient x9c102 600 (note 7) ppm/c ratiometric temperature coefficient 20 ppm/c c h /c l /c w (note 7) potentiometer capacitances see ?circuit #3 spice macro model? on page 5. 10/10/25 pf dc operating characteristics i cc v cc active current cs = v il , u/d = v il or v ih and inc = 0.4v to 2.4v at max t cyc 13ma i sb standby supply current cs = v cc - 0.3v, u/d and inc =v ss or v cc -0.3v 200 750 a i li cs , inc , u/d input leakage current v in = v ss to v cc 10 a v ih cs , inc , u/d input high voltage 2 v v il cs , inc , u/d input low voltage 0.8 v c in cs , inc , u/d input capacitance (note 7) v cc = 5v, v in = v ss , t a = +25c, f = 1mhz 10 pf x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503
5 fn8222.3 july 20, 2009 power-up and down requirements at all times, voltages on the potentiometer pins must be less than v cc . the recall of the wiper position from non-volatile memory is not in effect until the v cc supply reaches its final value. the v cc ramp rate specification is always in effect. ac operation characteristics t cl cs to inc setup 100 ns t ld inc high to u/d change 100 ns t di u/d to inc setup 2.9 s t ll inc low period 1 s t lh inc high period 1 s t lc inc inactive to cs inactive 1 s t cph cs deselect time (store) 20 ms t cph cs deselect time (no store) 100 ns t iw (5) inc to v w/rw change 100 s t cyc inc cycle time 2 s t cyc inc input rise and fall time 500 s t r , t f power-up to wiper stable (note 7) 500 s t pu v cc power-up rate (note 7) 0.2 50 v/ms notes: 3. absolute linearity is utilized to determine actual wiper voltage vs expected voltage = [v w(n)(actual) - v w(n)(expected ) ] = 1 mi maximum. 4. relative linearity is a measure of the error in step size between taps = v w(n + 1) - [v w(n) + mi ] = +0.2 mi. 5. 1 mi = minimum increment = r tot /99. 6. typical values are for t a = +25c and nominal supply voltage. 7. this parameter is not 100% tested. electrical specifications over recommended operating condi tions unless otherwise stated. (continued) symbol parameter test conditions limits unit min typ (note 6) max test circuit #1 test point v w /r w v r /r h v l /r l v s test circuit #2 force v l /r l v w /r w v h /r h test point current circuit #3 spice macro model c w r total r l r h c l r w 10pf c l 10pf 25pf endurance and data retention parameter min unit medium endurance 100,000 data changes per bit per register data retention 100 years ac conditions of test input pulse levels 0v to 3v input rise and fall times 10ns input reference levels 1.5v x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503
6 fn8222.3 july 20, 2009 ac timing diagram pin descriptions r h /v h and r l /v l the high (v h /r h ) and low (v l /r l ) terminals of the islx9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503 are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. the minimum voltage is -5v and the maximum is +5v. the terminology of v h /r h and v l /r l references the relative position of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direction selected by the u/d input and not the voltage potential on the terminal. r w /v w v w /r w is the wiper terminal, and is equivalent to the movable terminal of a mechanical potentiometer. the position of the wiper within t he array is determined by the control inputs. the wiper terminal series resistance is typically 40 . up/down (u/d ) the u/d input controls the direction of the wiper movement and whether the counter is incremented or decremented. increment (inc ) the inc input is negative-edge triggered. toggling inc will move the wiper and either increment or decrement the counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on the u/d input. chip select (cs ) the device is selected when the cs input is low. the current counter value is stored in non-volatile memory when cs is returned high while the inc input is also high. after the store operation is complete the islx9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503 device will be placed in the low power standby mode until the device is selected once again. principles of operation there are three sections of the x9c102, x9c103, isl9c104 and isl9c503: the input control, counter and decode section; the non-volatile memory; and the resistor array. the input control section operates just like an up/down counter. the output of this counter is decoded to turn on a single electronic switch connecting a point on the resistor array to the wiper output. under the proper conditi ons, the contents of the counter can be stored in non-volatile memory and retained for future use. the resistor array is comprised of 99 individual resistors connected in series. at either end of the array and between each resistor is an elec tronic switch that transfers the potential at that point to the wiper. the wiper, when at either fi xed terminal, acts like its mechanical equivalent and does not move beyond the last position. that is, the counter does not wrap around when clocked to either extreme. the electronic switches on the device operate in a ?make-before-break? mode when the wiper changes tap positions. if the wiper is moved several positions, multiple taps are connected to the wiper for t iw (inc to v w /r w change). the r total value for the device can temporarily be reduced by a significant amo unt if the wiper is moved several positions. when the device is powered-down, the last wiper position stored will be maintained in the non-volatile memory. when power is restored, the contents of the memory are recalled and the wiper is reset to the value last stored. the internal charge pump allows a wide range of voltages (from -5v to 5v) applied to xdcp terminals yet given a convenience of single power supply. the typical charge pump noise of 20mv at 850khz should be taken in consideration when designing an application circuit. cs inc u/d v w t ci t il t ih t cyc t id t di t iw mi t ic t cph t f t r 10% 90% 90% (note) note: mi refers to the minimu m incremental change in the v w output due to a change in the wiper position. x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503
7 fn8222.3 july 20, 2009 instructions and programming the inc , u/d and cs inputs control the movement of the wiper along the resistor array. with cs set low, the device is selected and enabled to respond to the u/d and inc inputs. high to low transitions on inc will increment or decrement (depending on the state of the u/d input) a 7-bit counter. the output of this counter is de coded to select one of one-hundred wiper positions along the resistive array. the value of the counter is st ored in non-volatile memory whenever cs transitions high while the inc input is also high. the system may select the x9cxxx, move the wiper and deselect the device without havi ng to store the latest wiper position in non-volatile memory. after the wiper movement is performed as previously described and once the new position is reached, the system must keep inc low while taking cs high. the new wiper position will be maintained until changed by the system or until a power-down/up cycle recalled the previously stored data. this procedure allo ws the system to always power-up to a pre-set value stored in non-volatile memory; then during system operation, minor adjustments could be made. the adjustments might be based on user preference, i.e.: system parameter changes due to temperature drift, etc. the state of u/d may be changed while cs remains low. this allows the host system to enable the device and then move the wiper up and down until the proper trim is attained. symbol table performance characteristics contact the factory for more information. applications information electronic digitally controlled (xcdp) potentiometers provide three powerful application advantages: 1. the variability and reliability of a solid-state potentiometer. 2. the flexibility of computer-based digital controls. 3. the retentivity of non-vol atile memory used for the storage of multiple potent iometer settings or data. mode selection cs inc u/d mode l h wiper up l l wiper down h x store wiper position h x x standby current l x no store, return to standby l h wiper up (not recommended) l l wiper down (not recommended) waveform inputs outputs must be steady will be steady may change from low to high will change from low to high may change from high to low will change from high to low don?t care: changes allowed changing: state not known n/a center line is high impedance x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503
8 fn8222.3 july 20, 2009 basic configurations of electronic potentiometers basic circuits v r v r i three terminal potentiometer; variable voltage divider two terminal variable resistor; variable current v h /r h v l /r l v w /r w cascading techniques buffered reference voltage ? + +5v r 1 +v -5v v w v ref v out op-07 v w /r w v w /r w +v +v +v x (a) (b) v out = v w /r w noninverting amplifier v o = (1+r 2 /r 1 )v s voltage regulator r 1 r 2 i adj v o (reg) = 1.25v (1+r 2 /r 1 )+i adj r 2 v o (reg) v in 317 offset voltage adjustment + ? v s v o r 2 r 1 100k 10k 10k 10k -12v +12v tl072 comparator with hysteresis v ul = {r 1 /(r 1 + r 2 )} v o (max) v ll = {r 1 /(r 1 + r 2 )} v o (min) + ? v s v o r 2 r 1 lm308a +5v -5v + ? v s v o r 2 r 1 } } lt311a (for additional circuits see an1145) x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503
9 fn8222.3 july 20, 2009 x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503 small outline package family (so) gauge plane a2 a1 l l1 detail x 4 4 seating plane e h b c 0.010 b m ca 0.004 c 0.010 b m ca b d (n/2) 1 e1 e n n (n/2)+1 a pin #1 i.d. mark h x 45 a see detail ?x? c 0.010 mdp0027 small outline package family (so) symbol inches tolerance notes so-8 so-14 so16 (0.150?) so16 (0.300?) (sol-16) so20 (sol-20) so24 (sol-24) so28 (sol-28) a 0.068 0.068 0.068 0.104 0.104 0.104 0.104 max - a1 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.003 - a2 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.092 0.092 0.092 0.092 0.002 - b 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.003 - c 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.001 - d 0.193 0.341 0.390 0.406 0.504 0.606 0.704 0.004 1, 3 e 0.236 0.236 0.236 0.406 0.406 0.406 0.406 0.008 - e1 0.154 0.154 0.154 0.295 0.295 0.295 0.295 0.004 2, 3 e 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 basic - l 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.009 - l1 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.056 basic - h 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 reference - n 8 14 16 16 20 24 28 reference - rev. m 2/07 notes: 1. plastic or metal protrusions of 0.006? maximum per side are not included. 2. plastic interlead protrusions of 0.010? maximum per side are not included. 3. dimensions ?d? and ?e1? are measured at datum plane ?h?. 4. dimensioning and tolerancing per asme y14.5m - 1994
10 all intersil u.s. products are manufactured, asse mbled and tested utilizing iso9000 quality systems. intersil corporation?s quality certifications ca n be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality intersil products are sold by description only. intersil corpor ation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, soft ware and/or specifications at any time without notice. accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. information furnishe d by intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of paten ts or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of intersil or its subsidiari es. for information regarding intersil corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com fn8222.3 july 20, 2009 x9c102, x9c103, x9c104, X9C503 plastic dual-in-line packages (pdip) mdp0031 plastic dual-in-line package symbol inches tolerance notes pdip8 pdip14 pdip16 pdip18 pdip20 a 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 max a1 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 min a2 0.130 0.130 0.130 0.130 0.130 0.005 b 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.002 b2 0.060 0.060 0.060 0.060 0.060 +0.010/-0.015 c 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 +0.004/-0.002 d 0.375 0.750 0.750 0.890 1.020 0.010 1 e 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 +0.015/-0.010 e1 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.005 2 e 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 basic ea 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 basic eb 0.345 0.345 0.345 0.345 0.345 0.025 l 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.010 n 8 14 16 18 20 reference rev. c 2/07 notes: 1. plastic or metal protrusions of 0.010? maximum per side are not included. 2. plastic interlead protrusions of 0.010? maximum per side are not included. 3. dimensions e and ea are measured with the leads constrained perpendicular to the seating plane. 4. dimension eb is measured with the lead tips unconstrained. 5. 8 and 16 lead packages have half end-leads as shown. d l a e b a1 note 5 a2 seating plane l n pin #1 index e1 12 n/2 b2 e eb ea c
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